Day Skipper training module 4 of 17
Rescue procedures, distress signals, personal safety equipment, and fire precautions.
You are preparing a real trip and rescue procedures including helicopter rescue changes the decision. Use this module to explain the cue, the risk, and the next safe action before you move on.
6 lesson sections · 12 quiz questions · 12 flashcards
Lesson 1 of 6
Active recall
Section 1 of 6
Lifejackets are a vital part of a vessel's safety plan. They come in different performance levels: Level 150 lifejackets are intended for coastal and offshore use and are designed to help turn an unconscious wearer face-up when correctly fitted, but fit, crotch straps, clothing, condition, and servicing still matter. Level 275 may be needed for extreme conditions or heavy, air-trapping clothing.
Safety harnesses use a tether clipped to a suitable strong point or jackstay. Clip on before exposure to the hazard, following the vessel's safety plan; the route and attachment point must keep the wearer on board and reduce fall or entrapment risk.
Where a kill cord or engine cut-off lanyard is fitted, especially on open powerboats, tenders, and outboard-driven craft, it should be attached to the driver whenever the engine is running. If the driver is thrown from the helm, the cord pulls out and stops the engine, reducing the risk of an uncontrolled boat or propeller injury.
Before a passage, inspect the lifejacket to the maker's instructions: confirm the cylinder is full, firmly fitted and unpierced, check firing-head indicators and any automatic element's expiry, inspect the fabric and oral tube, and keep to the servicing schedule. Do not fire a live cylinder merely as a routine pre-passage check.
Lesson 2 of 6
Active recall
Section 2 of 6
DSC (Digital Selective Calling) is the modern method for raising a distress alert. Press the red distress button on the VHF radio (usually under a cover). This transmits your vessel's MMSI number, position (from GPS), and the nature of distress to all vessels and coastguard stations in range.
A voice MAYDAY is normally broadcast on VHF Channel 16. The format is: MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY — This is [vessel name ×3] — MAYDAY [vessel name] — My position is [lat/long or bearing and distance from known point] — I have [nature of distress] — I require [assistance needed] — [number of persons on board] — Over.
An EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) transmits a 406 MHz distress alert via satellite when activated; GNSS-equipped units can include position. A radar SART helps rescuers home in at close range by appearing on compatible radar.
Lesson 3 of 6
Active recall
Section 3 of 6
Many yachts carry pyrotechnic distress signals as part of an appropriate signalling plan. Red parachute flares can alert rescuers at long range; red hand-held flares are used to help pinpoint your position at closer range. Exact height, burn time, carriage requirements, and disposal rules depend on the flare type and local regulations.
Orange smoke signals are effective during daylight when flares are harder to see. White flares are NOT distress signals — they are used to indicate your position to other vessels to avoid collision.
Check flare expiry dates regularly. Replace expired flares before relying on them and follow local disposal guidance; expired pyrotechnics are hazardous and are not a substitute for in-date signals.
Lesson 4 of 6
Active recall
Section 4 of 6
Fire on a boat is extremely dangerous — there is nowhere to retreat to. Prevention is critical: maintain fuel systems, keep bilges clean of fuel and oil, ensure gas systems have proper shut-offs, and never leave cooking unattended.
The fire triangle requires fuel, heat, and oxygen. Remove any one element and the fire goes out. Fire extinguishers on boats are typically dry powder (multi-purpose), CO2 (for electrical fires), or fire blankets (for galley fires). Know where every extinguisher is stowed and how to use them before you need them.
Lesson 5 of 6
Active recall
Section 5 of 6
If a helicopter is involved in your rescue, listen for instructions on VHF Ch 16 or the frequency they specify. Clear the deck of loose items that could be blown around by the downdraft.
The helicopter will lower a winchman or a strop. NEVER attach the helicopter's wire to the boat — if the helicopter needs to pull away suddenly, it could capsize the vessel. Allow the winch wire to touch the water or deck first to discharge static electricity. Follow the winchman's instructions exactly.
The Hi-Line technique: the helicopter may trail a weighted line. Take this line but DO NOT make it fast. Use it to guide the strop or winchman to the vessel. Coil excess line loosely — never wrap it around your hand.
Lesson 6 of 6
Active recall
Section 6 of 6
Safety equipment must match the vessel, people, operating area, passage, and applicable rules. A coastal yacht's plan may include correctly fitted lifejackets, suitable harnesses and tethers, appropriate distress signals, fire-fighting equipment, a first-aid kit, a sound-signalling appliance, a radar reflector where appropriate, VHF radio, torch, and reliable means of raising the alarm.
For longer passages or further offshore, a liferaft and a grab bag may be essential depending on vessel type, operating area, and the passage plan. The grab bag should contain water, signalling equipment, a torch, a knife, seasickness tablets, and a handheld VHF radio. Stow safety equipment where it can be accessed quickly — not buried under stores.