Free sextant simulator

How a sextant works, from sight to latitude

See how a sextant doubles angles, align the Sun with the horizon, and work a simplified noon-sight latitude calculation. It is an independent revision aid, not official RYA training or assessment.

Direct answer

A sextant measures the angle between a celestial body and the horizon by double reflection. After applying index, dip, and altitude corrections, a noon Sun sight can be reduced to observed altitude, zenith distance, and latitude.

Best for
Index error, dip, observed altitude, noon sight
Includes
Sextant instrument, telescope view, calculation ladder
Practice mode
Alignment, guided steps, latitude quiz
Cost
Free, no login required
Last reviewed: 2026-07-08Richard Moore

Altitude, corrections, noon latitude

Sextant simulator

Move a simplified sextant, align the Sun with the horizon, then work a noon-sight calculation without hiding the correction chain.

Link to this tool
2030405060Sun rayHorizon mirrorTelescopeArc reads altitudeIndex arm23.5 armdragDOUBLED ANGLE23.5 x 2 = 47.0

Index arm

23.5 degrees

Arc reading Hs

47.0 degrees

The mirror moves through the arm angle; double reflection makes the sextant arc read twice that angle.

Lower limb touching the visible horizonLower limb on horizon

Sight target

47.0 degrees

Alignment

Lower limb on horizon